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Komati River
The Komati River (also called Incomati River) is a river in South Africa, Swaziland and Mozambique. It is long, with a drainage basin in size. Its mean annual discharge is 111 m3/s (3,920 cfs) at its mouth.〔; online at (Google Books )〕 The name Komati is derived from ''inkomati'' (siSwati), meaning "cow", as its perennial nature is compared to a cow that always has milk.
== Geography ==
The river originates west of Carolina, rising at an elevation of about near Breyten in the Ermelo district of the Mpumalanga province.〔("Komati River" ) Online Encyclopædia Britannica〕 It flows in a general northeasterly direction and reaches the Indian Ocean at Maputo Bay, after a course of some . The Komati Gorge is situated in the upper reaches of the Komati River and is the habitat of some endangered species such as the southern bald ibis.〔(C. Michael Hogan and Amy Gregory, ''Ecology of Komati Gorge'', July 22, 2006 )〕 In 2001 the 115 m high wall of the Maguga Dam was completed south of Piggs Peak, Swaziland, .
In its upper valley near Steynsdorp are goldfields, but the reefs consist almost entirely of low grade ore. The river descends the Drakensberg by a pass south of Barberton, and is deflected northward at the eastern border of Swaziland, keeping a course parallel to the Lebombo mountains. Just west of 32°E and 25°25'S, near the town of Komatipoort, it is joined by the Crocodile River. The Crocodile tributary rises, as the Elands River, in the Bergendal (1,961m) near the upper waters of the Komati, and flows eastwards across the highveld, being turned northward as it reaches the Drakensberg escarpment. The fall to the lowveld is over 600 m in , and across the wide country between the Drakensberg and the Lebombo there is a further fall of 900 m.
Just over a kilometre below the junction of the Crocodile, the united stream, which from this point is also known as the Manhissa, passes to the coastal plain through a 190 m high cleft, high in the Lebombo known as Komatipoort, featuring some picturesque falls. At Komatipoort, which marks the border between South Africa and Mozambique, the river is less than from its mouth in a direct line, but in crossing the plain it makes a wide sweep of , first northwards before turning southwards, forming lagoon-like expanses and backwaters and receiving from the north several tributaries. In flood time there is a connection northward through the swamps with the basin of the Limpopo. The Komati enters the sea north of Maputo. It is navigable from its mouth, where the water is up to 5m deep, to the foot of the Lebombo.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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